S (Menzel-Gl er), and VECTASHIELD HardSet Mounting Medium (Vector Laboratories) was
S (Menzel-Gl er), and VECTASHIELD HardSet Mounting Medium (Vector Laboratories) was used. For every single sample, 150 cells were analyzed for surface-bound or internalized PKH67-labeled exosomes by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) (Leica TCS SP2 AOBS). B cell apoptosis assay Negatively selected B cells had been utilized using a purity 93 (n = 4; two donors in Barcelona and two donors in Stockholm). A total of 1.8 105 B cells was cultured in comprehensive medium for 24 h in 200 (96-well round-bottom plates; BD). Cells were either left unstimulated or stimulated with soluble MegaCD40L (one hundred ng/ml; Enzo Life Sciences) and IL-21 (50 ng/ml; Invitrogen) or with 15 B cell erived exosomes/well. Subsequently, B cells had been incubated with purified human Ig (Sigma-Aldrich) and stained with anti-CD19allophycocyanin (HIB19; BD Pharmingen) for 30 min at four . Cells had been washed with PBS (350 g, five min) and stained with an FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I (BD Pharmingen), in line with the manufacturer’s guidelines. A total of 2 104 cells was PPARα drug acquired by flow cytometry (LSR II or Fortessa; BD) and analyzed with FlowJo software. Cells have been gated as follows: forward scatter (FSC) region (FSC-A) versus side scatter (SSC) location (SSC-A), FSC-A versus FSC height (FSC-H) for doublet exclusion, CD19+. The morphology of cells was documented employing a light microscope (Axiovert 25; Zeiss) and Leica software (Zeiss).NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptJ Immunol. Author manuscript; out there in PMC 2014 September 24.Gutzeit et al.PageProliferation of PBMCs PBMCs have been isolated from wholesome blood donors (Blood Transfusion Center Solna). A total of ten 106 PBMCs was labeled at area temperature with 1.5 CFSE (CellTrace CFSE Cell Proliferation Kit; Invitrogen) for 3 min. Labeled PBMCs have been washed three MMP-12 Species occasions with full medium (400 g, 7 min) and cultured in complete medium at a density of 2.5 105 cells/200 (96-well flat bottom plates; BD). PBMCs were either left unstimulated (unstimulated manage [co]) or stimulated with 1.5 PHA (PHA-M; Life Technologies Life Technologies) or 25 DG75-COex, DG75-LMP1ex, or DG75-EBVex per nicely. Immediately after 5 d of culture (37 , five CO2), cells were incubated with purified human Ig (Sigma-Aldrich) and stained for CD3-allophycocyanin (UCHT1L; BioLegend) and CD19 exas Red (B4 [LYTIC]-ECD, CYTO-STAT; Beckman Coulter). DAPI (five.7 ; Sigma-Aldrich) was utilized as live/dead marker. Cells have been acquired making use of an LSR II or Fortessa (BD), and data were analyzed with FlowJo software program (TreeStar). Cells were gated as follows: FSC-A-SSC-A, FSC-A-FSC-H, DAPI- (alive). B cell proliferation and differentiation B cells had been isolated (adverse selection), and purity was 92 (n = 4; two donors from Barcelona and two donors from Stockholm). A total of 2 106 B cells was labeled for five min at area temperature with 1.25 CFSE (CellTrace CFSE Cell Proliferation Kit; Invitrogen). Labeled B cells have been washed three occasions (350 g, 7 min) and cultured in complete culture medium at a density of 1.5 105 cells/200 (96-well round-bottom plates; BD). B cells had been either left unstimulated or stimulated with IL-21 (one hundred ng/ml; Invitrogen), MegaCD40L (500 ng/ml; Enzo Life Sciences), or five or 25 exosomes/well. After 5 d of cultivation (37 , 5 CO2), cells were incubated with purified human Ig (Sigma-Aldrich) and subsequently stained with CD19-allophycocyanin (HIB19), CD20PerCP-Cy5.5 (2H7) and CD38-PeCy (HB7; all from BD). DAPI (five.7 ; Sigma-Aldrich).
